This block provides the scientific background necessary for an understanding of cardiovascular system at a level appropriate for clinical training. It explains the cardiovascular system in terms of the molecular and cellular basis of normal function. It also introduces the concept of cellular dysfunction and the factors which contribute to dysfunctions.

Course Learning Outcomes: 

1. Describe the anatomical location, histology, embryology and thoracic orientation of the heart, its chambers, valves and great vessels                   2. Explain the mechanical and electrical events of cardiac cycle including ECG, Starling’s Law of the heart and conducting system                               3. Describe the regulation of cardiac output, volume, flow, blood pressure including regional circulation, cardiovascular disorders, infections of the heart and pharmacotherapy     

4. Develop skills to identify the normal heart sounds and abnormal sounds in cardiac valvular diseases; measure the blood pressure during rest and after exercise and record ECG and its interpretation in normal and cardiac diseases                                                                                                      5.  Interpret the results of investigations pertaining to cardiovascular diseases and acquire an attitude of lifelong learning in management of these